Changes

The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%3F: ternary if] operator provides a short syntax for conditions. It is also called '''conditional operator''' or '''ternary operator'''. In most languages , the syntax is <code>a ? b : c</code>. As <code>?</code> and <code>:</code> have already been taken in XQuery, the syntax of Perl 6 is used:

The Elvis operator is also available in other languages; it . It is sometimes called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null_coalescing_operator](null-coalescing operator)]. The In XQuery, the value of the first operand will be returned if it is a non-empty sequence. Otherwise, the value of the second operand will be returned. It is equivalent to the {{Function|Utility|util:or}} function:

if ($a) then if($b) then '$a and $b yield is true' else 'only $b is true'

In general, if you have multiple of or nested if expressions, additional parentheses can improve the readibility of your code:

if($b) then '$a and $b yield is true' else 'only $b is true'

* <code>basex</code> is used as the default serialization method: nodes are serialized as XML, atomic values are serialized as string, and items of binary type are output in their native byte representation. Function items (including maps and arrays) are output just like with the [[XQuery 3.1#Adaptive Serialization|adaptive]] method.* With {{Code|csv}} allows , you to can output XML nodes as CSV data (see the [[CSV Module]] for more details).* With {{Code|json}}, items are output as JSON as described in the [https://www.w3.org/TR/xslt-xquery-serialization-31/#json-output official specification]. If the root node is of type {{Code|element(json)}}, items are serialized as described for the {{Code|direct}} format in the [[JSON Module]].