* If {{Code|diacritics}} is insensitive, characters with and without diacritics (umlauts, characters with accents) are declared as identical. By default, the option is {{Code|insensitive}}; it can also be set to {{Code|sensitive}}:
<pre class="brush:xquery">
"'Äpfel' will not be found..." contains text "Apfel" using diacritics sensitive
</pre>
* If {{Code|stemming}} is activated, words are shortened to a base form by a language-specific stemmer: