Unit Module

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This XQuery Module contains annotations and functions for performing XQUnit tests.

Introduction

The more complex a software application grows, the more error-prone it gets. This is why testing frameworks have been developed, which provide a standardized, automatized way for testing software. The XUnit frameworks (such as SUnit or JUnit) allow testing of atomic unit of a program, such as single functions and algorithms.

This module borrows heavily from the existing frameworks: it provides various annotations for testing XQuery functions. Unit functions are provided to assert the validity of arbitrary conditions expressed in XQuery and to raise errors whenever a condition is not satisfied. Some additional functions exist to run all unit tests of the current module or a set of specified library modules.

Usage

Tests are started via the TEST command. It compiles all XQuery modules in a given file or directory and runs all functions that are annotated with %unit:test. A test report is generated and returned, which resembles the format returned by other xUnit testing frameworks, such as the Maven Surefire Plugin (see below).

Conventions

All annotations, functions and errors in this module are assigned to the http://basex.org/modules/unit namespace, which is statically bound to the unit prefix.

Annotations

%unit:test

Syntax %unit:test
%unit:test("expected", <ERROR>)
Summary With this annotation, a function can be marked as unit test. It will be evaluated whenever a test report is created for the module in which this function is located.
If an optional error code is specified and if the function expression does not raise that error, the test will fail.

%unit:before

Syntax %unit:before
%unit:before(<FUNCTION>)
Summary A function decorated with this annotation will be evaluated before each unit test. If a function name is specified as argument, it will only be evaluated before that function.

%unit:after

Syntax %unit:after
%unit:after(<FUNCTION>)
Summary A function decorated with this annotation will be evaluated after each unit test. If a function name is specified as argument, it will only be evaluated before that function.

%unit:before-module

Syntax %unit:before-module
Summary If a function is decorated with this annotation, it will be evaluated before all unit tests in the current module.

%unit:after-module

Syntax %unit:after-module
Summary If a function is decorated with this annotation, it will be evaluated after all unit tests in the current module.

%unit:ignore

Syntax %unit:ignore
%unit:ignore(<MESSAGE>)
Summary If a function is decorated with this annotation, it will temporarily be ignored by the test suite runner.

Functions

unit:assert

Signatures unit:assert($test as item()*) as empty-sequence()
unit:assert($test as item()*, $info as item()) as empty-sequence()
Summary Asserts that the effective boolean value of the specified $test is true and returns an empty sequence. Otherwise, raises an error. The effective boolean value of an expression can be explicitly computed by using the fn:boolean function.
The default failure message can be overridden with the $info argument.
Errors UNIT0001: the assertion failed, or an error was raised.

unit:assert-equals

Signatures unit:assert-equals($returned as item()*, $expected as item()*) as empty-sequence()
unit:assert-equals($returned as item()*, $expected as item()*, $info as item()) as empty-sequence()
Summary Asserts that the specified arguments are equal according to the rules of the fn:deep-equals function. Otherwise, raises an error.
The default failure message can be overridden with the $info argument.
Errors UNIT0001: the assertion failed, or an error was raised.

unit:fail

Signatures unit:fail() as empty-sequence()
unit:fail($info as item()) as empty-sequence()
Summary Raises a unit error. The default failure message can be overridden with the $info argument.
Errors UNIT0001: default error raised by this function.

Example

The following XQUnit module tests.xqm contains all available unit annotations:

Query

module namespace test = 'http://basex.org/modules/xqunit-tests';

(:~ Initializing function, which is called once before all tests. :)
declare %unit:before-module function test:before-all-tests() {
  ()
};
  
(:~ Initializing function, which is called once after all tests. :)
declare %unit:after-module function test:after-all-tests() {
  ()
};
  
(:~ Initializing function, which is called before each test. :)
declare %unit:before function test:before() {
  ()
};
  
(:~ Initializing function, which is called after each test. :)
declare %unit:after function test:after() {
  ()
};
  
(:~ Function demonstrating a successful test. :)
declare %unit:test function test:assert-success() {
  unit:assert(<a/>)
};
  
(:~ Function demonstrating a failure using unit:assert. :)
declare %unit:test function test:assert-failure() {
  unit:assert((), 'Empty sequence.')
};
  
(:~ Function demonstrating a failure using unit:assert-equals. :)
declare %unit:test function test:assert-equals-failure() {
  unit:assert-equals(4 + 5, 6)
};
  
(:~ Function demonstrating an unexpected success. :)
declare %unit:test("expected", "FORG0001") function test:unexpected-success() {
  ()
};
  
(:~ Function demonstrating an expected failure. :)
declare %unit:test("expected", "FORG0001") function test:expected-failure() {
  1 + <a/>
};
  
(:~ Function demonstrating the creation of a failure. :)
declare %unit:test function test:failure() {
  unit:fail("Failure!")
};
  
(:~ Function demonstrating an error. :)
declare %unit:test function test:error() {
  1 + <a/>
};
  
(:~ Skipping a test. :)
declare %unit:test %unit:ignore("Skipped!") function test:skipped() {
  ()
};

By running TEST tests.xqm, the following report will be generated (timings may differ):

Result

<testsuites time="PT0.256S">
  <testsuite name="file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/test.xqm" time="PT0.212S" tests="8" failures="4" errors="1" skipped="1">
    <testcase name="assert-success" time="PT0.016S"/>
    <testcase name="assert-failure" time="PT0.005S">
      <failure line="30" column="15">
        <info>Empty sequence.</info>
      </failure>
    </testcase>
    <testcase name="assert-equals-failure" time="PT0.006S">
      <failure line="35" column="22">
        <returned item="1" type="xs:integer">9</returned>
        <expected item="1" type="xs:integer">6</expected>
        <info>Item 1: 6 expected, 9 returned.</info>
      </failure>
    </testcase>
    <testcase name="unexpected-success" time="PT0.006S">
      <failure>
        <expected>FORG0001</expected>
      </failure>
    </testcase>
    <testcase name="expected-failure" time="PT0.004S"/>
    <testcase name="failure" time="PT0.004S">
      <failure line="50" column="13">
        <info>Failure!</info>
      </failure>
    </testcase>
    <testcase name="error" time="PT0.004S">
      <error line="55" column="6" type="FORG0001">
        <info>Cannot cast to xs:double: "".</info>
      </error>
    </testcase>
    <testcase name="skipped" skipped="Skipped!" time="PT0S"/>
  </testsuite>
</testsuites>

Errors

Code Description
UNIT0001 An assertion failed, or an error was raised.
UNIT0002 A test function must have no arguments.
UNIT0003 A test function is not public.
UNIT0004 An annotation was declared twice.
UNIT0005 An annotation has invalid arguments.

Changelog

Version 8.0.x
  • Updated: (expected) error are compared by QNames instead of local names (including namespaces).
Version 8.0
  • Deleted: UNIT0006 (ignore results returned by functions).
  • Added: unit:fail, 0-argument signature.
  • Updated: the info argument of functions can now be an arbitrary item.
  • Updated: infos are now represented in an info child element.
  • Updated: unit:before and unit:after can be extended by a filter argument.
Version 7.9
Version 7.8

This module was introduced with Version 7.7.