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This [[Module Library|XQuery Module]] contains a single function to parse CSV input. [httphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values CSV] (comma-separated values) is a popular representation for tabular data, exported e. g. from Excel.
=Conventions=
All functions and errors in this module are assigned to the <code><nowiki>http://basex.org/modules/csv</nowiki></code> namespace, which is statically bound to the {{Code|csv}} prefix.<br/>All errors are assigned to the <code><nowiki>http://basex.org/errors</nowiki></code> namespace, which is statically bound to the {{Code|bxerr}} prefix.
==Conversion==
===XML: Direct, Attributes===
If the {{Code|direct}} or {{Code|attributes}} format is chosen, a CSV string is converted to XML as follows:
* The resulting XML document has a {{Code|<csv>}} root element.* Rows are represented via {{Code|<record>}} elements.* Fields are represented via {{Code|<entry>}} elements. The value of a field is represented as text node.* If the {{Code|header}} option is set to {{Code|true}}, the first text line is parsed as table header, and the {{Code|<entry>}} elements are replaced with the field names:** Empty names are represented by a single underscore ({{Code|_}}), and characters that are not valid in element names are replaced with underscores or (when invalid as first character of an element name) prefixed with an underscore.** If the {{Code|laxformat}} option is set to {{Code|falsedirect}}, invalid characters will be rewritten to an underscore and the character’s four-digit Unicodefield names are encoded, as described in the [[Conversion Module#Keys|Conversion Module]], and underscores will be represented used as two underscores ({{Code|__}}). The resulting element names may be less readable, but can always be converted back to the original field names.* If * Otherwise, if {{Code|format}} is set to {{Code|attributes}}, the field names will be stored in name attributes.
'''A little advice''': in the Database Creation dialog of the GUI, if you select CSV Parsing and switch to the ''Parsing'' tab, you can see the effects of some of the conversion options. ===MapXQuery=== With the {{Code|xquery}} format, CSV records are converted to a sequence of arrays: * The resulting value will be a map with a {{Code|records}} and an optional {{Code|names}} key.* Records are organized as a sequence of arrays. A single array contains the entries of a single record.* The column names will be available if {{Code|header}} option is set to {{Code|true}}.
If {{Code|format}} is set to {{Code|The CSV map}}, the CSV data will can e.g. be converted to an XQuery mapaccessed as follows:
* All <code>$csv?records are enumerated with positive integers.[5]</code> returns all entries of the 5th record (row)* By default, <code>$csv?records(2)</code> returns all entries of a the 2nd field (column)* <code>$csv?names?*</code> returns the names of all fields (if available)* Return enumerated strings for all records are represented :<syntaxhighlight lang="xquery">for $record at $pos in a sequence$csv?recordsreturn $pos || ".* If the {{Code" |header}} option is set to {{Code|true}}string-join($record?*, a map is created', which contains all field names and its values.')</syntaxhighlight>
'''A little advice''': in the Database Creation dialog of the GUIThe resulting representation consumes less memory than XML-based formats, if you select CSV Parsing and switch to the ''Parsing'' tab, you values can see the effects of some of the be directly accessed without conversion options. Thus, it is recommendable for very large inputs and for efficient ad-hoc processing.
==Options==
{{Mark|Updated with Version 8In the following table, all available options are listed.6}}: improved The Excel compatibility The following column indicates what are the preferred options are available:for data that is to be imported, or has been exported from Excel.
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
! Allowed
! Default
! Excel
|- valign="top"
| {{Code|separator}}
| Defines the character which separates the entries values of a single record in a single line.
| {{Code|comma}}, {{Code|semicolon}}, {{Code|colon}}, {{Code|tab}}, {{Code|space}} or a ''single character''
| {{Code|comma}}
| {{Code|semicolon}}
|- valign="top"
| {{Code|header}}
| {{Code|yes}}, {{Code|no}}
| {{Code|no}}
|
|- valign="top"
| {{Code|format}}
| Specifies the format of the XML data. The format is only relevant if the {{Code|header}} option is activated:<br/>
* With {{Code|direct}} conversion, field names are represented as element names
* With {{Code|attributes}} conversion, field names are stored in {{Code|name}} attributes
* With {{Code|mapxquery}} conversion, the input is converted to an XQuery map| {{Code|direct}}, {{Code|attributes}}, {{Code|mapxquery}}
| {{Code|direct}}
|
|- valign="top"
| {{Code|lax}}
| {{Code|yes}}, {{Code|no}}
| {{Code|yes}}
| {{Code|no}}
|- valign="top"
| {{Code|quotes}}
| Specifies how quotes are parsed:
* Parsing: If the option is enabled, quotes at the start and end of a value will be treated as control characters. Separators and newlines within the quotes will be adopted without change.
* Serialization: If the option is enabled, the value will be wrapped with quotesif it contains characters that might be treated as control characters. A quote character in the value will be encoded according to the rules of the {{Code|backslashes}} option.
| {{Code|yes}}, {{Code|no}}
| {{Code|yes}}
| {{Code|yes}}
|- valign="top"
* Serialization: If the option is enabled, {{Code|\r}}, {{Code|n}}, {{Code|\t}}, {{Code|"}} and the separator character will be encoded with a backslash. If the option is disabled, quotes will be duplicated.
| {{Code|yes}}, {{Code|no}}
| {{Code|no}}
| {{Code|no}}
|}
|-
| width='120' | '''Signatures'''
|{{Func|csv:parse|$input string as xs:string?|document-node(elementitem(csv))?}}<br/>{{Func|csv:parse|$input string as xs:string?, $options as map(xs:string, item()*)?|item()?}}
|-
| '''Summary'''
|Converts the CSV data specified by {{Code|$inputstring}} to an XML document or a mapXQuery value. The {{Code|$options}} argument can be used to control the way the input is converted.
|-
| '''Errors'''
|{{Error|BXCS0001parse|#Errors}} the specified input cannot be parsedas CSV document.|} ==csv:doc== {| width='100%'|-| width='120' | '''Signatures'''|{{Func|csv:doc|$uri as xs:string?|item()?}}<br />{{Func|csv:doc|$uri as xs:string?, $options as map(*)?|item()?}}<br />|-| '''Summary'''|Fetches the CSV document referred to by the given {{Code|$uri}} and converts it to an XQuery value. The {{Code|$options}} argument can be used to control the way the input is converted.|-| '''Errors'''|{{Error|parse|#Errors}} the specified input cannot be parsed as CSV document.<br/>{{Error|options|#Errors}} the specified options are conflicting.
|}
|-
| width='120' | '''Signatures'''
|{{Func|csv:serialize|$input as nodeitem()?|xs:string}}<br/>{{Func|csv:serialize|$input as nodeitem()?, $options as map(xs:string, item()*)?|xs:string}}
|-
| '''Summary'''
|Serializes the node specified by {{Code|$input}} as CSV data, and returns using the result as specified {{Code|xs:string$options}}, and returns the result as string. Items Values can also be serialized as JSON if CSV with the standard [[Serialization|Serialization Parameter]] feature of XQuery:* The parameter {{Code|method}} is needs to be set to {{Code|csv}}.<br/>The , and* the options presented in this article need to be assigned to the {{Code|$optionscsv}} argument can be used to control the way the input is serializedparameter.
|-
| '''Errors'''
|{{Error|BXCS0002serialize|#Errors}} the input cannot be serialized.
|}
'''Input''' {{Code|addressbook.csv}}:
<pre classsyntaxhighlight lang="brush:xml">
Name,First Name,Address,City
Huber,Sepp,Hauptstraße 13,93547 Hintertupfing
</presyntaxhighlight>
'''Query:'''
<pre classsyntaxhighlight lang="brush:xquery">
let $text := file:read-text('addressbook.csv')
return csv:parse($text, map { 'header': true() })
</presyntaxhighlight>
'''Result:'''
<pre classsyntaxhighlight lang="brush:xml">
<csv>
<record>
</record>
</csv>
</presyntaxhighlight>
'''
'''Query:'''
<pre classsyntaxhighlight lang="brush:xquery">let $text := file:read-text('some-data.csv')
let $options := map { 'lax': false() }
let $xml input := csvfile:parseread-text($text, $options'some-data.csv')let $output := $input => csv :parse($options) = > csv:serialize($xml, $options)return $text input eq $csvoutput</presyntaxhighlight>
'''Example 3:''' Converts CSV data to an XQuery map item and serializes its contentsreturns distinct column values:
'''Query:'''
<pre classsyntaxhighlight lang="brush:xquery">let $text := "``[Name;,City" || outJack,ChicagoJack,WashingtonJohn,New York]``let $options := map { 'format':nl() || "John;Newton" || out'xquery', 'header':nltrue() || "Jack;Oldtown"}let $options csv := <csv:parse($text, $options>)return ( <csv 'Distinct values:separator value=';'/>, <csv let $records :format value=$csv('maprecords'/>) < for $name at $pos in $csv:header value=('yesnames'/>)?* </csvlet $values :options>= $records?($pos) return csv( '* ' || $name || ':parse' || string-join(distinct-values($textvalues), ', $options') ))</presyntaxhighlight>
'''Result:'''
<pre classsyntaxhighlight lang="brush:xmlxquery">{ 1Distinct values: { "City"* Name: "Newton"Jack, "Name": "John" }, 2: { "* City": "Oldtown"Chicago, Washington, "Name": "Jack" }}New York</presyntaxhighlight>
=Errors=
|Description
|-
|{{Code|BXCS0001parse}}
| The input cannot be parsed.
|-
|{{Code|BXCS0002serialize}}
| The node cannot be serialized.
|}
=Changelog=
 
;Version 9.4
* Added: [[#csv:doc|csv:doc]]
 
; Version 9.1
* Updated: [[#csv:parse|csv:parse]] can be called with empty sequence.
 
;Version 9.0
 
* Added: {{Code|xquery}} option
* Removed: {{Code|map}} option
* Updated: error codes updated; errors now use the module namespace
;Version 8.6
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